养胃合剂粗多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的观察养胃合剂复方多糖提取物对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法建立小鼠环磷酰胺(CTX)免疫抑制模型,观察养胃合剂多糖提取物对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果养胃合剂多糖能提高CTX致免疫抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬百分率,可促进溶血素形成,促进淋巴细胞转化。结论养胃合剂多糖有免疫促进作用,可对抗环磷酰胺的免疫抑制作用。     

银翘合剂提取工艺研究

目的研究银翘合剂提取工艺。方法以浸膏得率和绿原酸提取率作为指标,采用正交实验法,对加水量、提取次数、提取时间进行考察;以挥发油提取率为指标,分别考察了荆芥穗,薄荷,连翘挥发油提取所需时间,并进行验证。结果加6倍量水,提取3次,40min/次提取效果最佳。结论该工艺可作为银翘合剂提取工艺。     

咽痛灵合剂的薄层色谱鉴别方法研究

目的鉴别咽痛灵合剂中的一枝黄花、土牛膝。方法采用薄层色谱法。结果建立简便、灵敏、可靠的薄层色谱(TLC)法。结论可用于该品质量控制。     

Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Xueyou Mixture (血友合剂) in Treating Hemophilia

Objective: To observe the effect of Xueyou Mixture (血友合剂, XYM) on blood coagulation factors and its safety in treating hemophilia. Methods: To the randomly selected 65 inpatients of hemophilia, XYM was administered accompanied with intravenous dripping of liver cell growth factor 60-100 mg once a day to protect the liver, with no blood products like concentrated Ⅷ and FⅨ factors or blood plasma given. The treatment lasted for 3 weeks. The short-term efficacy and adverse reactions were observed. The long-term efficacy in patients was observed in a follow-up study of 6-12 months after they were discharged from the hospital but continuously took XYM orally. Results: The short-term markedly effective rate in the patients was 95.38% (62/65). After they were treated for 3 weeks, the level of FⅧ factor activity increased in 56 patients of type A from (3.32 ± 2.21) % to (4.18 ± 2.23) %, and in 9 of type B from (4.92 ± 1.81) % to (5.64 ± 1.96) %. Compared with that before treatment, the difference was significant in both of them (P＜0.01). No obvious adverse reaction was found in the treatment period.The follow-up study showed that in 22 patients of type A, the FⅧ factor activity ratio increased from (3.25±2.11) % to (6.31 ±2.16) %, (8.36±1.05) %, and (16.38±2.71) % in the 2nd, 3rd and 6th month after discharge respectively, all showing significant difference to that before treatment (P＜0.01); and in 4 patients of type B, it increased from (4.15 ± 2.26) % to 7.8% and 11.6% (mean value) in the 2nd and 6th month respectively. Conclusion: XYM could raise the activity of factors Ⅷ and Ⅸ in patients with hemophilia, and the degree of the rise is related with the duration of the therapy, with no obvious adverse reaction, which strikes out a new path and new train of thinking for the treatment of the disease by nonblood preparation.     

安适合剂4号对小鼠中枢神经系统影响

安适合剂４号由夜交藤、柏子仁、酸枣仁、麦冬、朱砂等组成。临床上与氯丙嗪合用于抗精神病,能产生协同作用,且使后者用量及副作用减少。药理实验表明,安适合剂４号能使小鼠自主活动次数减少;对硝酸士的宁所致小鼠惊厥有抗惊厥作用;对戊巴比妥所致小鼠睡眠,能使翻正反射消失时间缩短,睡眠时间延长,且与剂量成正比例。     

Estimating marginal likelihoods for mixture and Markov switching models using bridge sampling techniques

Summary This paper discusses the problem of estimating marginal likelihoods for mixture and Markov switching model. Estimation is based on the method of bridge sampling ( Meng and Wong 1996 ; Statistica Sinica11, 552–86.) where Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) draws from the posterior density are combined with an i.i.d. sample from an importance density. The importance density is constructed in an unsupervised manner from the MCMC draws using a mixture of complete data posteriors. Whereas the importance sampling estimator as well as the reciprocal importance sampling estimator are sensitive to the tail behaviour of the importance density, we demonstrate that the bridge sampling estimator is far more robust. Our case studies range from computing marginal likelihoods for a mixture of multivariate normal distributions, testing for the inhomogeneity of a discrete time Poisson process, to testing for the presence of Markov switching and order selection in the MSAR model.     

益气通痹合剂抗胶原诱导的关节炎大鼠关节滑膜血管新生作用的研究

目的:探讨益气通痹合剂抗风湿的作用及其机制。方法:以Ⅱ型胶原加完全弗氏佐剂诱导的关节炎(CIA)大鼠为类风湿性关节炎模型,通过对关节滑膜病理改变、大鼠右后足关节影像学评估及对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-1、2、3、9(MMPs)在不同处理大鼠血清中的表达,探讨该制剂的治疗效果。结果:益气通痹合剂组的滑膜组织新生血管明显减少,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05),关节影像学有改善;模型组大鼠血清VEGF、MMPs活性表达明显升高,益气通痹合剂组起下调作用。结论:益气通痹合剂能改善模型大鼠的病理学及影像学改变,并通过下调大鼠血清中VEGF、MMPs的表达而抑制CIA大鼠关节滑膜的血管新生功能。     

复方虫颗粒剂治疗类风湿关节炎疗效观察

目的:观察复方虫颗粒剂治疗类风湿关节炎的治疗效果。方法:将80例患者随机分为两组,各40例。治疗组口服复方虫颗粒剂治疗;对照组口服布洛芬。结果:治疗组总有效率65%,对照组总有效率40%,两组比较,P<0.05。结论:复方虫颗粒剂治疗类风湿关节炎有较好的疗效,且比传统汤剂用药方便,对改善患者体质有明显效果,无副作用。     

炙甘草合剂中甘草酸含量测定

目的：控制炙甘草合剂的质量。方法：采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定甘草酸的含量。结果：分离度好，含量测定线性范围0．23-1．85μg（r=0．9999），平均回收率96．6％，相对标准差（RSD）0．17％（n=6）。结论：方法简便、准确、重现性好。     

A model for learning to segment temporal sequences, utilizing a mixture of RNN experts together with adaptive variance

This paper proposes a novel learning method for a mixture of recurrent neural network (RNN) experts model, which can acquire the ability to generate desired sequences by dynamically switching between experts. Our method is based on maximum likelihood estimation, using a gradient descent algorithm. This approach is similar to that used in conventional methods; however, we modify the likelihood function by adding a mechanism to alter the variance for each expert. The proposed method is demonstrated to successfully learn Markov chain switching among a set of 9 Lissajous curves, for which the conventional method fails. The learning performance, analyzed in terms of the generalization capability, of the proposed method is also shown to be superior to that of the conventional method. With the addition of a gating network, the proposed method is successfully applied to the learning of sensory–motor flows for a small humanoid robot as a realistic problem of time series prediction and generation.